Propagation
Fresh seed should be sown in a well-drained media and the kept moist but not wet. Maintain a temperature of 18ş to 21ş C. (64ş to 75ş F) in an unheated glasshouse or open frame. Germination occurs within 3-weeks to 3-months depending on the species, then prick out and pot up.

Careful not to over water seedlings, as they are prone to damping off and larger plants are difficult to transplant. When removing seed from Banksia fruits it may be necessary to place the fruit in an oven for 60 minutes at a temperature of 120° C. to simulating the effect of a bushfire to opening the valves.

General pruning information
When pruning reduce only the new growth as cutting old wood is likely to cause dieback. Limbs may be removed back to the collar.

Cultivation
Generally, Banksia species prefer a well drained, sandy soil that is tending acidic but many species from Western Australia grow on acidic top soils with alkaline subsoil. When the growing Western Australian species outside their native habitat technique of building a garden bed, of acidic soil above a layer of agricultural lime commonly produces better results particularly in raised garden beds or on slopes. During establishment, keep the soil moist but not wet and do not use fertiliser that contains phosphorus.

Botanic information
Leaf: The dark green oblong to narrow-oblanceolate leathery texture leaves have a cuneate base with pungent dentate-serrate margins. The upper surface is tomentose becoming glabrous with age and in the underside is pale green.

Flower: The tubulate flowers have straight glaborous perianth segments that are up to 33 mm (1Ľ in) long and a pistil to 32 mm (1Ľ in)long. They are arranged in a pendant cylindrical spike that is 50 mm to 90 mm (3˝ in) tall by 70 mm (2? in) wide and appear on short lateral branchlets from late spring to early summer.

Note:
The flower colour varies on a single plant from creamy-yellow to red or a mixture between. The spent flowers persist on the plant some time.

Fruit: There are up to 25 elliptical-ovate follicles that are up to 40 mm (1? in)long by 25 mm (1 in) high and wide and are covered in tomentose. They are arranged in a villous spike which is persistent of the plant. The follicles open after fire and release obovate seeds that are up to 15 mm (? in) long by 17 mm (? in) wide and have a curved notched wing up to 32 mm (1Ľ in) wide.