Propagation
Stratify fresh seeds for 2 to 3 months at 5ş C (41şF) then sow in spring and maintain a temperature of 19ş to 27ş C. (66ş to 81ş F).

Semi-hardwood tip cuttings taken during summer apply bottom heat.

Botanic information
Leaf: The imbricate adult leaves are scale-like and triangular in cross-section with stomatic bands on both surfaces and are pressed along the stems. The rigid juvenile leaves awl-shaped with a pungent apex.

Flower: The male strobili sheds pollen during spring and are arranged in a terminal cluster. The sub-globose erect terminal female cone have 12 to 16 scales that open at the same time as the pollen from the male is dispersed. They are found in the upper parts of the tree and only appear when a specialised flatten branch with scale-like leaves are produced.

Fruit: The female cones as 15 to 25 thin scales each containing 2-leathery obovate flattened seeds with lateral wings and are notch at the apex and base. They appear terminally on the pendant branchlets and the small seeds are viable but the plant may be reproduced vegetatively.