Propagation
Stratify seeds for 2 to 3 months during winter in peat at a temperature of 1.1ş to 5ş C. (34ş to 41ş F). Sow seeds in pots then place them in a cold frame to germinate.


Botanic information
Leaf: The dark green pungent linear needle-like leaves are furrowed on the upper surface and have 2-greyish stomatic bands on the underside. They are up to 4 mm (? in) wide with a twisted base and the obtuse apex is bifid particularly on juvenile foliage. The leaves are arranged in a comb-like, pectinate manner along the branchlets in a V-like pattern.

Flower: The small yellowish cylindrical male catkin-like strobili is up to 30 mm (1? in) long and appear singularly on the underside of the branches in the leaf axils, releasing pollen during spring. The upright cylindrical yellowish-green female cones appear in the upper branches during early summer.

Fruit: The resinous yellowish-green short-cylindrical cones mature with yellowish-brown linear-lanceolate exserted bracts. The seed-scales are up to 25 mm (1 in) long by 32 mm (1Ľ in) wide and contain brownish winged seeds that are up to 8 mm (? in) long and are dispersed by wind.