Propagation
Sow fresh seed during autumn in situ or in a deep container and commonly no scarification is required. Maintain a temperature of 19ş to 27ş C. (66ş to 81ş F) during spring and keep moist.

The seeds lose viability quickly so do not allow the seeds to dry out. Plant out as soon as possible as the tree dislikes root disturbance.


Botanic information
Leaf: The leaves are elliptical oblong to lanceolate oblong with 10 to 15 lobed-like triangular serrations along each margin. The upper surface is dark glossy green and the underside is dull downy grey.

Flower: The tiny staminate (male) flowers have 6-stamens and are arranged on a slender pendulous catkin (spike-like) up to 150 mm (6 in) long. The female flowers are solitary or in a small cluster in the terminal leaf axils. Both appear on the current or previous season`s growth during late spring.

Fruit: The sub-sessile acorn is broad-ovoid and narrowing towards the rounded apex and matures in the second year. The ribbed cup-shaped involucre has pubescent scales and covers half of the nut from the base.


General pruning information
Train to a single leader when young and cut back unwanted branches to the collar. The crown may be lifted or thinned to allow light to penetrate. Once established it requires little pruning apart from removal or dead or damaged branches.