Propagation
Sow fresh seed during autumn in situ or in a deep container and commonly no scarification is required. Maintain a temperature of 19ş to 27ş C. (66ş to 81ş F) during spring and keep moist.

The seeds lose viability quickly so do not allow the seeds to dry out. Plant out as soon as possible as the tree dislikes root disturbance.


Botanic information
Leaf: The leathery textured leaves are oblong to ovate with undulating deeply lobed margins and an acute apex. The rough textured upper surface is dark green and the underside is pale green with both surfaces covered in short pubescence. The leaves are arranged towards the tips of the branchlets and the new growth is pinkish, covered in dense greyish down.

Note
There are 3-7 lobes on each margin of mature leaves and they have an obtuse apex or consist of smaller lobes.

Flower: The tiny greenish staminate (male) flowers are arranged on a slender pendulous catkin (spike-like) up to 100 mm (4 in) long. The female flowers are solitary or arranged in a small cluster in the leaf axils. Both appear on the current or previous season`s growth during spring.

Fruit: The sub-sessile acorn is narrow oblong and pointed at the apex. The light grey to whitish cup-shaped involucre has pointed imbricate scales that are covered in dense tomentose and covers one quarter of the nut from the base. They are solitary or arranged in small clusters of 2-5, maturing in the second year.


General pruning information
Train to a single leader and cut back unwanted branches to the collar. The crown may be lifted or thinned to allow light to penetrate. Once established they require little pruning apart from removal or dead or damaged branches.