Propagation
In cooler regions so fresh seed iin pots and place in a greenhouse to germinate. plant out during spring after the last frost. Sow seed in situ in a prepared bed and thin out as required.

Take cuttings of the current season's growth up to 80 mm (3⅛ in) long during the growing period and place in individual pots to grow on.

Botanic information
Leaf: The variable dark green to purplish or glaucous leaves are obovate, rounded or long oblong with a smooth, crinkly or puckered texture and have entire or lobed margins. The leaves appear in a basal rosette or are arranged along the stems and vary in size from 12mm (½ in) to 400 mm (16 in) long and are sessile or have a long petiole, depending on the variety.

Note:
The slightly bitter leaves can be eaten cooked or raw and can be harvested throughout the year.

Flower: The yellow or white rotate flowers are up to 30 mm (1⅛ in) wide have 4-sepals and petals with 6-stamens and a superior ovary with a single stigma and style. They are arranged in a terminal raceme that is up to 1 m (3 ft) tall and progressively opens from the base. It is held above the foliage on a slender green scape and multiple inflorescences may appear from a single plant from early to mid summer and pollinated by bees.

Note:
In some of the varieties the flowers do not fully develop such as in Broccoli or cabbage.

Fruit: The small capsular fruit (siliqua) are 4-sided and are arranged along the rachis and are up to 25 mm (1 In) and is dehiscent from the base, normally with two valves. The seeds are viable but the plant may be reproduced vegetatively to maintain true to type.