Propagation
The seeds have no dormancy period and are sown when collected in pots. In cool climates place the pots in a cold frame to germinate.

Note:
Generally Pinus species tolerate pruning of the new growth during spring to early summer to force lateral buds to form and some cultivars may be trimmed to form a hedge.


Botanic information
Leaf: The dark bluish stout linear leaves are commonly curved and show conspicuous whitish exudation of resin. The underside has numerous rows of whitish stomata. They are arranged in fascicles of 5 with deciduous sheath and form dense clusters that persist on the tree for up to 17 years.

Flower: The male catkin-like flowers are orange-red appearing in pairs or a small cluster at the end of the branches and the female sessile cones are purplish, appearing during spring.

Fruit: The cylindrical-ovoid sessile glossy brown-purplish cone is up to 38mm (1˝in) wide. It opens when mature with thin scales that have a bristle-like incurved prickle. The light brown seed is up to 7mm (Ľin) long with a terminal wing.