Propagation
Stratify seeds for three months and maintain a temperature of 5ş C (41ş F) for 3-months prior to sowing in a prepared bed and keep moist.

Semi hardwood cuttings taken in during autumn.
Division of the clump during spring.


Botanic information
Leaf: The long pinnate leaves have up to 23-sessile ovate to oblong leathery textured leaflets that are up to 76mm (3in) long with 10 to 18 spiny teeth along the margins. The dark green leaflets turn dark burgundy during winter.

Flower: The fragrant cyathiform flowers have sepals in 3-series and petals in 2-series with 6-stamens. They are arranged in a dense terminal raceme that is up to 200 mm (7ľ in) long and appear from late spring to early summer.

Fruit: The small berry is black with a bluish bloom and the seeds are viable but the plant is commonly reproduced vegetatively.