Propagation
The seeds have no dormancy period and are sown when collected in pots. In cool climates place the pots in a cold frame to germinate.


Botanic information
Leaf: The forward pointing bright yellow-green linear leaves are arranged in fascicles of 2. They are often twisted with margins with minute teeth and have 6-10 stomatic bands appearing on all faces. The basal sheath is persistent and the leaves persist for 4-6 years on the tree.

Flower: The male catkin-like flowers are orange-red appearing in pairs or a small cluster at the end of the branches. The clustered female cones are yellow brown and they appear during spring.

Fruit: The sub-sessile yellow-brown cones have reflexed scales with a dorsal umbo with a long recurved deciduous prickle. The scales open on maturity or remain closed for many years on the tree and the tiny thin dark brown seed has a wing to 12mm (˝in) long.


Pruning
Generally Pinus species tolerate pruning of the new growth from spring to early summer to force lateral buds to form and some cultivars may be trimmed to form a hedge.