Propagation
Collect and remove pulp from the seeds then wash. Seeds (nutlets) that float should be discarded and when sowing place in well drained media and maintain a temperature of 18ş to 21ş C. (64ş to 75ş F). Certain seeds germinate quickly while others take up to 18 months.

Semi-hardwood cuttings taken during late summer to autumn.


Botanic information
Leaf: The almost sessile leaves are ovate to broad-lanceolate with a triangular apex armed with a sharp spine. The yellowish margins also have 1 to 3 sharp spines and the texture is leathery.

Flower: The small cyathiform flowers have 4 petals with as many stamens and appear in axillary fascicles with a short pedicle on the previous year's growth during spring. Male and female plants must be grown together in order to produce fruit (dioecious). The flowers are regarded as insignificant as an ornamental feature.

Fruit: The bright red berry-like drupe contains 4-nutlets and is persistent on the plant. The seeds are viable but the plant may be reproduced vegetatively.