Propagation
Stratify fresh seeds for 2 to 3 months at 5º C (41ºF) then sow in spring and maintain a temperature of 19º to 27º C. (66º to 81º F). Seeds may be sown directly into the ground or in containers.

Greenwood cuttings taken during early summer and dipped into hormone powder, then placed in a well-drained media.

Botanic information
Leaf: The broad obovate leaves have a double serrated margins and a long acuminate apex. The pubescent petiole is short and the pinnate venation is impressed on the upper surface. The small, reddish brown buds are pointed.

Flower: The small white crateriform flowers have 5-purplish calyx lobes and 5-white petals that soon fall after appearing in the leaf axils during early spring. It has numerous stamens and a solitary pistil with a superior ovary.

Fruit: The globose 1-seeded drupe is almost black and is more commonly seen in cool climates. The seed is viable but the plant is commonly reproduced vegetatively to maintain true to type.