Propagation
Plant fresh seeds in a deep container to 150mm (6in) deep during spring, keep moist and maintain a temperature of 19º to 27ºC. (66º to 81ºF). Sporadic germination may take up to 5 months and, do not allow the seed to dry out before sowing.

Botanic information
Leaf: The dark green pinnate fronds have long lanceolate pointed leaflets that are arranged in clusters at different planes along the rachis. The petiole is up to 1m (3ft) long and has spiny margins and the base is persistent on the trunk.

Flower: The cyathiform male flowers are arranged in a cluster in pubescent spikes and the female flowers are arranged in a dense terminal head. Both are born on separate inflorescences on the same tree and appear amongst the leaf bases during summer.

Fruit: The reddish-black ovoid drupe appears in large clusters and are accompanied by pointed bracts.