Propagation
Sow fresh seed during autumn in situ or in a deep container and commonly no scarification is required. Maintain a temperature of 19ş to 27ş C. (66ş to 81ş F) during spring and keep moist.

The seeds lose viability quickly so do not allow the seeds to dry out. Plant out as soon as possible as the tree dislikes root disturbance.


Botanic information
Leaf: The leaves are broad obovate with 3-shallow lobes at the broadly obtuse apex. It is glabrous above and covered in brown tomentose on the underside when young. The petiole is up to 20mm (ľin) long and the margin may have small serrations.

Flower: The staminate (male) flowers have 6-stamens; arranged on slender pendulous catkins (spike-like). The female flowers are solitary or in a small cluster in the leaf axils. Both appear on the current or previous season`s growth on the same tree during spring.

Fruit: The solitary acorn is ovoid and may be sessile. The hemispherical yellow-brown (cap) involucre covers one half of the nut and matures in the second year.


General pruning information
Train to a single leader and cut back unwanted branches to the collar. The crown may be lifted or thinned to allow light to penetrate. Once established they require little pruning apart from removal or dead or damaged branches.