Propagation
Sow fresh seed during spring in pots and place in a cold frame to germinate.


Botanic information
Leaf: The flattened acicular leaves are arranged in bundles of 3 and persist on the tree for up to 4-years.They have a stiff texture with a sharply pointed apex and the margins are entire to finely serrate. The midrib is raised and stomatic bands are on both sides.

Flower: The tree is monoecious with the yellow male catkin-like flowers appearing at the base of the new growth and the greenish female cones appear at the branch tips during spring.

Fruit: The sub-sessile cones are ovoid with each scale having a spine and are arranged solitary or in pairs. When open it releases hard seeds that are up to 8mm (?in) long with a short brittle wing.