Propagation
Seeds require scarification by nicking the seed coat and soaking in water for 24 hours prior to sowing.
Stratify fresh seeds for 2 to 3 months at 5ş C (41şF) then sow in spring and maintain a temperature of 12ş to 15ş C. (55ş to 59ş F).

General pruning information
Tolerates pruning to maintain a smaller size for street planting during summer allowing the wounds to heal. As a tree, train to a single leader and remove dead or damaged branches back to the collar.


Botanic information
Leaf: The large dark green leaves are broadly ovate up to 200mm (8in) wide with an oblique base and an abruptly acuminate apex. The underside is glabrous except for small tufts of hairs in vein-axils and the petiole is slender. The leaves turn yellow during autumn.

Flower: The small cyathiform flowers are arranged in pendant axillary cyme up to 75mm (3in) wide. The downy scape emerges from a large yellowish membranous bract that is up to 120mm (5in) long and 30mm (1Ľin) wide (lanceolate-shape).The flowers appear during early summer and are bee attractive.

Fruit: The small nut-like capsule has a thick smooth shell that is hairless or slightly tomentose.