Propagation
Plant fresh seeds in a deep container to 150mm (6in) deep during spring and keep moist maintaining a temperature of 25şC (77ş F).

Germination ranges from 90 days to 3 years, appearing sporadically and do not allow the seed to dry out before sowing. Dry seed may be soaked but germinate more slowly.


Botanic information
Leaf: The glossy dark green leaves are reniform to orbicular and strongly ribbed and undulating with toothed apex. The slender long petiole has spines and in windy conditions the leaf can split into wedge-shaped segments.

Flower: The bisexual crateriform flowers have 3-lobes that form a tube. There are 6-stamens that are inserted in the throat of the corolla tube and the ovary has 3-cells with a separate 1-celled segment and is united at the top to form a single style.

The inflorescence appears from the leaf bases with a peduncle that is accompanied by persistent bracts and is divided into several branches which in turn are divided into slender rachillae.
Note
The flowering period is from spring to summer but can vary in tropical regions and the flowers may appear throughout the year.


Fruit: The small orange pea-size drupe has a thin fleshy mesocarp and contains one small seed which has a non-ruminate endosperm.