Propagation
Sow seed when ripe in a prepared bed or stratify seeds in a moist sandy soil, then place in a shaded position. Seedlings should be transplanted the following year.

Take soft tip cuttings of non-flowering shoots during summer.

General pruning information
These trees require little pruning. Remove dead or damaged branches during summer and pruning during winter should be avoided as it can encourage silverleaf disease. Spring pruning may give rise to sap bleeding.

Botanic information
Leaf: The glossy green ovate to triangular-ovate leaves have an acuminate apex and a broad cuneate base. The margin are sharply serrated.

Flower: The slender pendulous yellow-brown male catkins appear during autumn and open during spring, with the new leaves. The upright female catkins are downy with a short stem. They disintegrate when producing seed in early summer.

Fruit: The small cylindrical pendulous catkin scales are deciduous from the main axil when releasing the winged nutlet. The seeds are viable but the plant may be reproduced vegetatively.