Propagation
Fresh seed should be sown in a well-drained media and the kept moist but not wet. Maintain a temperature of 18ş to 21ş C. (64ş to 75ş F) in an unheated glasshouse or open frame.

Germination occurs within 3-weeks to 3-months depending on the species, then prick-out and pot up. Careful not to over water seedlings, as they are prone to damping off and larger plants are difficult to transplant.

When removing seed from Banksia fruits it may be necessary to place the fruit in an oven for 60 minutes at a temperature of 120° C. to simulating the effect of a bushfire to opening the valves.

Note:
During fire the plant dies off but the follicles open and the released seeds that quickly germinate replacing the plant.

Botanic information
Leaf: The dark green linear leaves are slightly broader towards the truncate apex and are up to 10mm (?in) wide. The new foliage is tomentose becoming glabrous and the texture is leathery. The petiole is short and the leaves tend to be crowded on the branchlets that are also covered in tomentum.

Flower: The closed tubulate flowers are a velvety white opening to bright orange with a straight protruding golden orange style. They are arranged in a terminal cylindrical spike that is up to 120mm (5in) long and 100mm (4in) wide and appear from autumn to winter. The old flowers are persistent on the plant.

Fruit:

General pruning information
When pruning reduce only the new growth as cutting old wood is likely to cause dieback. Limbs may be removed back to the collar.

Cultivation
Generally, Banksia species prefer a well drained, sandy soil that is tending acidic but many species from Western Australia grow on acidic top soils with alkaline subsoil.

When the growing Western Australian species outside their native habitat technique of building a garden bed, of acidic soil above a layer of agricultural lime commonly produces better results particularly in raised garden beds or on slopes.

During establishment, keep the soil moist but not wet and do not use fertiliser that contains phosphorus.