Propagation
Sow fresh seed during spring and maintain a temperature of 18ş to 21ş C. (64ş to 75ş F)

Takes soft tip or semi hardwood cuttings during summer and autumn.


Botanic information
Leaf: The leaves are ovate to obovate up to 40 mm (1? in)wide with a margin that is partial to fully serrated. The base is cuneate and the petiole is up to 12mm (˝in) long. The upper surface is glossy dark green and the underside is pale green, and during winter the leaf turns purplish.

Flower: The small white to blue-purple flowers are salverform to funnelform and are arranged in an axillary pendent spike-like panicle that appears from spring to autumn.

Fruit: The small spherical berry like drupe is green maturing to yellow and are arranged in small clusters towards the end of the branches. The fruit is a feature of the plant, but care should be taken as they are poisonous. The seeds are viable but the plant may be reproduced vegetatively.

Pruning
Remove old or weak stems or train to a single leader to form a small three. This plant can be regularly pruned to form a shrub or it may be used as a formal hedge. It tolerates a hard prune almost to ground level after fruiting to rejuvenate and established plants tolerate neglect. Take care as the grey-brown stems can develop spines with age.