Propagation
Sow fresh seed during spring is a sandy mix and maintain a temperature of 20ş to 30ş C to germinate then pot up into deep pots.

Remove offsets during spring and transplanting mature plants may be difficult.

Culture
This plant is often grows naturally as an understorey in open forests often with Eucalyptusand Melaleuca species. It is very slow growing and is difficult to transplant once mature.


Botanic information
Leaf: There is up to 100 pinnate fronds per plant with pinnae (leaflets) that are up to 350 mm (14 in) long by 12 mm (˝ in) wide and are pale cream callous at the base. The leathery textured glossy dark gren pointed leaflets are rigid and become shorter (spine-like) towards the base.

Flower: The female and male cones are borne on different plants (Dioecious). The pineapple shaped female cone is up to 450 mm (18 in) long by 200 mm (7ľ in)in diameter and is covered in scales with a sharp vertical spine on the outer edge, up to 100 mm (4 in) long. The reddish male cones are to 450 mm (18 in) long by 120 mm (4ľ in)in diameter and have scales with spines up to 50 mm long. They appear during early summer.

Fruit: The green cones become dark brown when mature producing red seeds that mature after falling to the ground. The seeds are toxic and should not be eaten as they contain poisonous glycosides. Aborigines processed the seed to gain starch which was a staple food product.