Propagation
Sow seeds during the warm months then allow stratifying in an open frame. It may take up to 2 years to produce flowers.

Take semi-hardwood cuttings or apply layering during summer.

Botanic information
Leaf: The leaves are narrow elliptical to broad-oblong with a notched obtuse or acuminate apex. The margin may be serrated and the underside is covered with a fine pubescence.

Note
The leaves from the colder regions are oblong with an acuminate apex and the trees from warmer regions have elliptical leaves. The leaves are very cold resistant and may persist on the tree into winter.

Flower: The funnelform flowers have 4-slender expanding petals that are fused at the base and have a fringed appearance. The male and female flowers are found on different trees (dioecious). They are arranged in a corymbose panicle and appear during early summer.

Fruit: The small rounded drupe turns blue to black when mature. The seeds are viable but the plant may be reproduced vegetatively.