Propagation
Take semi hardwood cuttings from summer to autumn including a heel from the main branch. Remove a branchlet from the main stem by cutting or tearing; include a piece of stem bark. Strip lower leaves and wilting tips with a sharp knife the insert cuttings 25mm (1in) into the media then place in cold frame.

General pruning information
This plant requires little pruning as it maintains a compact habit. Prostrate species may be lightly trimmed to contain but avoid cutting back to old wood, as it will not regenerate.


Botanic information
Leaf: The awl (needle- like) leaves are glossy yellow green with a white stomatic band on the concave upper surface and are arranged in groups of 3 along the branchlets.

Flower: The male strobili are united into an oblong catkin-like cone and the female are composed of up to 8-valvate scales that contain 1 to 2 ovules. They are arranged on short laterial branche and appear during spring.

Fruit: The female plants produce globose berry-like cones that normally when young are covered in a glaucous bloom. They ripen slowly to a blue black colour taking up to 2 year period.