Propagation
Sow fresh seed during autumn in situ or in a deep container and commonly no scarification is required. Maintain a temperature of 19ş to 27ş C. (66ş to 81ş F) during spring and keep moist. The seeds lose viability quickly so do not allow the seeds to dry out.

Plant out as soon as possible as the tree dislikes root disturbance.
Graft plants during late winter to early spring.

General pruning information
Train to a single leader and cut back unwanted branches to the collar. The crown may be lifted or thinned to allow light to penetrate. Once established they require little pruning apart from removal or dead or damaged branches.


Botanic information
Leaf: The leaves are elliptical to oblong with 5 to 7 deep "U" shaped lobes and a three-tooth acuminate apex. The slender petiole is up to 50mm (2in) long and the leaf turns red-crimson then brown during autumn and remains on tree well into winter.

Flower: The tiny greenish staminate (male) flowers are arranged on a slender pendulous catkin (spike-like) that appears from leaf axles of the new growth. The female flowers are solitary or arranged in a small cluster from buds in the leaf axils. Both appear on the current or previous season growth during spring.`

Fruit: The short-stalked acorn is globose with pail vertical stripes and is solitary or arranged in small clusters. The thin (saucer-like) involucre covers half of the nut and the fruit matures two years.